⁶⁰³ Matt. xxvi. 15.

⁶⁰⁴ Acts viii. 20.

⁶⁰⁵ From koinoj bioj (koinos bios), a common life.

⁶⁰⁶ Apparently an Egyptian word. It does not occur elsewhere.

⁶⁰⁷ In commune viventes.

⁶⁰⁸ From anaxwrein (anachorein), to withdraw.

⁶⁰⁹ These were monks who lived under no settled rule, but collected in little groups of two and three, generally in some populous place. They seem to have practised all the arts whereby a reputation for sanctity may be won, while they disparaged those who led more regular lives. Cassian (Collat. xviii. 7) draws an unfavorable picture of them. See Bingham, Antiquities, vii. ii. 4, and Dict. Xt. Ant., s. v. Sarabaitae.

⁶¹⁰ Pannonia.

⁶¹¹ I.e. three o'clock.

⁶¹² Decani, "leaders of ten."

⁶¹³ Cf. Letter LII.

⁶¹⁴ Ps. lv. 6.

⁶¹⁵ See Letter LXX. De Vir. LII. xi.

⁶¹⁶ Josephus, The Jewish War, ii. 8.

⁶¹⁷ I.e. the hermit of that name. See his Life in vol. iii. of this series.

⁶¹⁸ Lam. iii. 27, Lam. iii. 28, Lam. iii. 30, Lam. iii. 31.

⁶¹⁹ Lam. iii. 24.

⁶²⁰ 1 Thess. v. 17.

⁶²¹ In Jerome's time the seven canonical hours of prayer had not yet been finally fixed. He mentions, however, six which correspond to the later, Mattins, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers, and Nocturns. Cp. Letters CVII. CVIII. and CXXX.

⁶²² Ps. l. 20.

⁶²³ Rom. xiv. 4, R.V.

⁶²⁴ Rom. xiv. 6, R.V.

⁶²⁵ Isa. lviii. 5.

⁶²⁶ Isaiah lviii. 3, Isaiah lviii. 4, R.V. marg.

⁶²⁷ 1 Tim. i. 19, 1 Tim. i. 20; 2 Tim. i. 15.

⁶²⁸ 1 Sam. xvi. 7.

⁶²⁹ 1 Cor. vii. 34.

⁶³⁰ Luke i. 28.

⁶³¹ Isa viii. 1, i.e. "the spoil speedeth, the prey hasteth;" or, in Jerome's rendering, "quickly carry away the spoils."

⁶³² Isa. viii. 3. Jerome should have substituted "prophet" for "prophetess." As it stands the quotation is meaningless.

⁶³³ Isa. xxvi. 18, Vulg.

⁶³⁴ Matt. xii. 49.

⁶³⁵ Prov. vii. 3; Jer. xxxi. 33.

⁶³⁶ Col. ii. 14, Col. ii. 15.

⁶³⁷ Cp. the maxim of Cyprian: Extra ecclesiam nulla salus, "Outside the church there is no salvation."

⁶³⁸ Exod. xii. 46.

⁶³⁹ 1 Peter iii. 20, 1 Peter iii. 21.

⁶⁴⁰ James ii. 25.

⁶⁴¹ Founder of the widely prevalent sect of Manichaeans, which at one time numbered Augustine among its adherents. One of its leading tenets was that matter as such was essentially evil.

⁶⁴² Matt. vii. 15.

⁶⁴³ Phil. iii. 8.

⁶⁴⁴ Rom. vi. 4; Gal. v. 24.

⁶⁴⁵ Rom. viii. 35, Rom. viii. 38, Rom. viii. 39.

⁶⁴⁶ An echo of the Nicene Creed.

⁶⁴⁷ Cp. Virgil, Ecl. iv. 61.

⁶⁴⁸ Cp. Ps. xcv. 4, Ps. xcv. 5; Isa. xl. 12.

⁶⁴⁹ Luke ii. 51, Luke ii. 52.

⁶⁵⁰ Ps. cxvi. 12, Ps. cxvi. 13, Ps. cxvi. 15.

⁶⁵¹ Heb. xii. 6.

⁶⁵² Cp. Matt. xxvi. 40.

⁶⁵³ Gen. xxix. 20.

⁶⁵⁴ Gen. xxxi. 40.

⁶⁵⁵ Ps. xxxviii. 2.

⁶⁵⁶ Ps. cxx. 5, Vulg.

⁶⁵⁷ Rom. viii. 18.

⁶⁵⁸ Rom. v. 3-5.

⁶⁵⁹ 2 Cor. xi. 23-27.

⁶⁶⁰ 2 Tim. iv. 7, 2 Tim. iv. 8.

⁶⁶¹ Matt. xi. 12.

⁶⁶² Luke xi. 5-8.

⁶⁶³ Is. xiv. 12, Is. xiv. 13.

⁶⁶⁴ 1 Cor. ii. 9.

⁶⁶⁵ Ex. xv. 20, Ex. xv. 21.

⁶⁶⁶ A legendary virgin of Iconium said to have been converted by Paul.

⁶⁶⁷ Cant. ii. 10, Cant. ii. 11.

⁶⁶⁸ Cant. vi. 10.

⁶⁶⁹ Cant. vi. 9.

⁶⁷⁰ Viz. Paula, for whom see Letter CVIII., and Marcella, for whom see Letter CXXVII.

⁶⁷¹ Matt. xxi. 1-9, literally "she-ass."

⁶⁷² Isa. viii. 18.

⁶⁷³ Matt. xxi. 9.

⁶⁷⁴ Rev. xiv. 1-4.

⁶⁷⁵ Cant. viii. 6; the variant is peculiar to Jerome.

⁶⁷⁶ Cant. viii. 7.

⁶⁷⁷ In the English Version Ps. lxxiii.

⁶⁷⁸ Ps. lxxii. 20.

⁶⁷⁹ Ps. lxxiii. title.

⁶⁸⁰ Ps. lxxiii. 15.

⁶⁸¹ I.e. the Old Latin Version superseded by Jerome's Vulgate.

⁶⁸² 2 Cor. iv. 7.

⁶⁸³ Rom. iii. 2.

⁶⁸⁴ One of the most distinguished men of his day, Praetextatus, had filled the high position of Prefect of Rome. As such he ironically assured Damasus that, if he could hope to obtain the papacy, he would immediately embrace the Christian religion (Jerome, Against John of Jerusalem,