Cosmas Indicopleustes, Christian Topography (1897) pp. 393-398.  Index

INDEX. 

Aaron, official robes of, 123
Abel, 168-170
Abia, 153, Plate 16
Abraham, 177, 253-4
Abraham of Cascar, 24
Abyssinia, 55, 60
Acesinês, R., 75
Adam, 78, 79, 81, 165-7, 218, 235;
Aden, 63
Adulê, vii, x, 54, 6r, 66, 366, 368, 371
Aeolis, 35
Agamè, 60
Agau, vii, 52
Agriobous (Wild-ox), 360-1
Agrippa (King), 217
Albatrosses, v, 40
Alexander the Great, 18, 36, 69, 72, 74, 75, 119, 366, 375, 382-3
Alexandria in Egypt, viii, xviii, 23, 50, 54, 245, 247
Aloes, 366
Angels, creation of the, 102; their functions, xix, xxiv, 76, 78, 81, 105, 228; 320-7, 345; their place of abode, 280-7, 328, 347; their destiny, 82-3
Anastasius, 246
Angabe, 61
Anna the Prophetess, 210
Annine, 62
Antigonus, 69
Antioch, 18, 25, 120, 246
Antioch of Pisidia, 201, 279
Antiochus I, 18, 72
Antiochus II, 72
Antiochus IV (Epiphanes, Theos), 69, 207, 375
Antipodes, xx, 5, 14, 17, 86, 136-7
A pion, 378
Apocalypse of Paul, 290
Apollinarians, ix
Apollinarius, 213
Apollonius Molon, 377
Amethyst, 364, 365
Amos, 198-9
Amphilochius (of Iconium), 290
Apostles, teaching of the, 212
Arabah, the, 203
Arabia Felix (Sabaea, Yemen), 35, 37, 38, 64, 66, 120
Arabitae, 64, 66
Ararat, Mt., 33
Archangels, functions of, 88
Archimedes, 125 
Argellia (cocoa-nuts), 362
Arians, ix, 258
Aries (Zodiac sign), 13, 139
Arius, 213
Aristotle, 4, 11, 18, 117, 121, 125, 360,
376
Ark (Noah's), 33, 44, 46, 91, 171-2, 376 
Armenia, 375 
Arsaces, 72 
Arsinoê, Queen, 57 
Arsinoê, city of, 120 
Aromatics, country of, see Barbaria 
Artaxerxes Mnêmôn, 360 
Arts, invention of the, 122-5 
Asia (Minor), 120 
Asôka, inscription of, 363 
Assyrians, 37
Astronomy, the Ptolemaic, 6-8 
Atalmô, 62 
Atbara R., 60, 61, 62 
Athagdus, 61 
Athanasius (B. of Alexandria), festal letters of, 290, 332 
Athanasius (friend of Cosmas), xxiii, Book VII addressed to him, 263 
Athenians, the, 229, 381 
Atlantis, island of, 376, 380 
Aua, 61
Augusti, line of the, 71 
Augustine, St., 17, 258 
Axum, Axomis, vi, 39, 50, 54, 59, 61, 120, 245, 249, 359

Babel, Tower of, 91-93, 225, 377-9 
Babylon, Babylonians, 36, 58, 68, 91, 313, 315. 316, 375 
Bactrians, 37, 49, 120 
Balaam, 182 
Balkh, 37
Baptism, 183-4, 220; for the dead, 273 
Barbaria (frankincense country), vii, 34,38, 39, 48, 51, 65, 66, 67, 252 
Barygaza (Bharoch), 369, 371 
Basil, St., 290, 332 
Beazley, Mr. Raymond, quoted, xiii,xxiv
Bega, 62
Bells, the golden, 156, 158 
Berenice, Queen, 57 
Berenice, hair of, 58-59 
Berenice, or Ptolemais Thérôn, 58 
Berenice, city of, 126 
Bêrosus, 312, 375 
Bigot, Emeric, i 
Blemmyes, 64, 371
Borysthenes, R., 247 
Brachmans, 48 
Bulgarians, 121 
Byron, quoted, 301 
Byzantium, see Constantinople

Caber, 367
Cadmus, 381
Caesar, Julius, 378
Cain, 123, 126
Calliana, 119, 366
Cambyses, 58, 59
Canaan, 36, 173
Canopus, Synod of, 58
Cappadocia, 120
Captivity, the Babylonian, 208
Carbuncle, 373
Carrhae, 178
Caria, 57
Caspian Sea, 39, 50, 131, 370
Cassaniti, 37
Castor-oil, 366
Cataracts of the Nile, 24, 50
Catholic Epistles, 290-2
Ceylon, vi, viii, xx, xxiv, 48-9, 118-9; its different names, 363; its size, 364; its kings, 364-5; its trade, 365-7
Chaeremon, 377
Chair with Greek inscriptions, 54-68
Chaldaeans., 24, 91; their kings, 375
Charton, M., xiii
Cherubim, in, 146, 329, 330
Chosroes, 18, 73
Christ, His conception, 139, 142; birth, 143, 221, 236, 242; earthly life, 219; temptation, 220; miracles, 98, 115, 116; transfiguration, 192-3; passion, 81, 140-1, 205, 253; resurrection, 196-201, 229; ascension, 219, 220-1, 356-7; second coming, 237-8, 256; two natures, 84, 258, 359
Christianity, nations converted to, ix, 384 
Chrysostom, St., 17, 291, 333, 349;quoted, 345-8 
Ciborium, 75
Cicero, quoted, 11, 17, 378 
Cilicia, 58, 120 
Cimmerii, 35 
Cinaedocolpitae, 64, 66 
Circumcision, 27, 119 
Cleopatra, 70 
Climates, 247 
Cloves, 366 
Clysma, xx, 142 
Cocoa-nuts, see Argellia 
Colchos, 120 
Colossians, the, 229 
Comana, 346 
Comorin, C., 39 
Cone, shadow cast by a, 250 
Constantinople, x, xi, xviii, 24, 150, 239, 246; Council of, 213, 291 
Constantinus, 2 
Corinth, 18 
Corinthians, the, 229, 230
Cosmas, name of, iv; his biography, iv-viii; sect, ix; veracity, xii; cosmology, xv-xvii; maps and sketches, xxv; place in history, xxv; work on geography, 2
Cretans, 230, 381
Crimea, 35
Ctesias of Cnidus, 360
Cupping-glass, 19
Cush, 36, passim
Cyclades, 57
Cyprus, 35, 36, 37
Cyrano, 120
Cyrus, 68, 314-5

Dalmatians, 121
Daniel, 204, 207, 308, 317, 379; interpretation of his vision and ihe image, 68, 73
Darius the Mede, 68
David, 184
Day and Night, vicissitudes of, 132
Death, why inflicted on man, 162-3; how introduced, 219
De La Croze, ix, xiv
Denarii, 370
Devil, see Satan
Diapsalma (Selah), 185
Dillmann, 61, 64, 65
Diodorus Siculus, quoted, 75
Diodorus (of Tarsus), ix
Diodorus, Island of, 60
Dionysus, King of Egypt, 70
Dioscorides, see Socotra
Dolphin, 363
Dumb barter, 51-54

Earth, one here and one beyond the ocean, 33; the one here divided between the sons of Noah, 34-37; its length and breadth, 49-51; its shape, 132; its position, 136; its flatness, 252
Earth beyond the Ocean, 376
Earthquakes, 17-18, 86
Easter, 122, 353
Ebionites, 308
Eclipses, 4, 9, 116-7, 121, 133, 238, 246, 322-31, 385
Eden, see Paradise
Edessa, 25, 72
Edfu, 245
Egypt, 2, 18; passim
Elamites, 37, 120
Elanitic Gulf, 154
Elbe R., 75
Elements, the four, 10-12, 15, 20, 85-6; fire and water, 338
Elephants, 57, 58, 370, 371; fight of,372 
Elesboas, King of Axum, vii, x, 52, 54,55, 359
Elijah, 115, 194-5, 200, 206, 255 
Elim, 56, 143 
Elis, 35
Elisa (Elishah), 35 
Elisabeth (John Baptist's Mother), 210
Embryons dying in the womb, destiny of, 296-7 
Emeralds, 371 
Enoch, 167, 171, 254-5 
Entelecheia, meaning of, 11 
Epicycles, 8, 13
Ephesians, the, 229; Epistle to the, 346 
Ephesus, 222, 230; council of, 239 
Ephorus quoted, 73-75 
Epiphanius (B. of Cyprus), 349; quoted,344-5
Epiphany, 143 
Erythraean Sea, 38 
Esau, 179
Ethiopia, vi, 20, 34, passim 
Eunuch, the Ethiopian, 199 
Eunuchs, 317 
Euphrates, R., 41, 58, 76 
Eusebius Pamphili, 72, 111, 142, 290-1,375
Eutychês, 213 
Eutychians, ix 
Euxine Sea, 35 
Eve, 167, 235
Exodus, the, from Egypt, 141, 142, 254 
Ezekiel, 203

Festus, 279
Firmament, the, 231, 336-9, passim 
Flood, the Noachian, i 14, 136, 375; 
Floyer, Mr., quoted, 245 
Franks, the, 121

Gabala, 62, 66
Gadeira (Cadiz), 34, 35, 36, 38, 50, 75, 120, 121, 376
Galatians, the, 229
Galaxy, the, 14
Galilee, 203
Gallandi, xiii
Gambela, 61
Ganges K., 48
Garamantes. 120
Gaudia, 364
Gazê, 60
Gellius, Aulus, 378
Gêon R., 41
Gibbon quoted, xiii, 25, 120, 121, 239,
354. 365. 370
Giraffe, 359
Glaser, Dr. E., 60, 61, 64, 65
Gog and Magog, 198
Gold mines; q2, 53
Gollas, 370-1
Gomer, 35
Goths, 121
Gravitation, law of, illustrated, 28-29
Greeks, invective against the, 382; relapse of the, into infidelity, 385-6
Gregory, St., 332
Gregory (B. of Nazianzus), 332-3
Guardafui, C., v, vii, 36, 60
Gulfs, the four, 101, 131
Guzerat, 48

Habakkuk, 201
Haggai, 204
Ham, 34, 36, 373
Harrar, 60
Havilah (Euilat), 372
Heavenly bodies, 76, 101; motions of the, 84-85; course of the, 321-330
Heavens, the, indissolubility of, xxiii, 268; fixity of, 16; number of, 114, 134, 267; sphericity of, denied, 239, 347-8; duration of, 263-296
Hebrews, the, 230
Hedjaz, 60, 64
Hellespont, 58, 247
Hercules, pillars of, 36
Herod, 200
Heruli, 121
Hezekiah, song of, 305-311; sun dial of, 311-313
Hieroglyphics, 94
Himyari, see Homerites
Hiouen Thsiang, 365
Hipparchus, 244
Hobia, or Obbia, 64
Hog-deer, 361-2
Homer, 380-1
Homerites, vii, x, 37, 39, 52, 55, 251-2, 366, 372
Homologus, 3
Horatae, 367
Horeb, Mt., 144
Horses, Persian, 372
Hosea, 195-6
Huns, 37, 120, 370-1
Hunter, Sir W., 370-1
Hyacinth-stone, 364, 365, 368
Hydaspes, R., 75
Hyperidès, 147
Hypostasis, 233
Hyrcanian Sea, see Caspian Sea
Hyrcanians, 72

Iberia (Spain), 50
Illyrians, 121
Image, man the, of God, 235
India, 36, 37, 49, passim; Further India, 39; India tertia, 39 
Indiction 246, 354 
Indus, R., 48; identified with the Phison, 372
Inscriptions at Adulê, ii, vii, 54-68 
Ionia, 58
Iouuia (Iounnia?), 49 
Irenaeus, 290 
Isaac, 177-9, 254 
Isaiah, 199, 200, 307-8 
Ishmaelites, 158 
Israelites; how fed and clothed in the Wilderness, 158
Jacob. 179-181; ladder of, 282 
Japhet, 35, 173 
Jasper-stone, 372 
Jeremiah 202 
Joel, 196-7
John St., Gospel of, 222-4
John the Baptist, 142, 206,200-10, 219-220
Jonah, 98, 198-9, 379 
Joseph, 254
Joshua (son of Nun), 115, 117, 160-1 
Josephus. 111, 311, 375 
Judah,181 
Judas Iscariot, 223 
Judgment, the last, 278; oracular plate of, 155-6
Jupiter, the planet, 11, 13 
Justinian, 18, 48, 55 
Justinus I, x, 55

Kalaa, 61
Karinoi, 178
Kasu, 64
Katoptrisomenoi, 232
Kavéra, 367
Kâvêripattam, see: Cahor
Kelts, 73
Kêtioi (Cyprians), 36
Khartum, vii
Klima. meanings of, 244
Kidaris (turban), 156

Laccadive Islands, 364
Lacedemonians, 381
Lactantius, quoted 17
Laodicea, 213
Lazarus, 109, 223
Lazica, 120
Laxinê, 62, 66
Letters, knowledge of, given to Moses, 110, 112
Leuce Cômê, 64
Libya, 36, 37, 40, 57, 120
Lotus, the, 75
Ludolf, Job, 56
Luke, St., 221-2
Luxor, 245
Lycia, 57
Lysimachus, a grammarian, 377-8

Maccabees, 69
Macedonia, 68, 69, 70
Maeotic Lake. 247
Magi, the, 72
Magog, 35
Malachi, 205-6
Malala, John, 55
Male (Malabar), 48, 119, 366, 367
Man, God's image, 104; creation of, 104-5; how constituted, 104-6; upright figure of, 108-9
Manetho, 377
Mangarouth (Mangalor), 367
Manichaeans, ix, xxi, 212, 242, 258, 259
Manna., 144
Marah, or Merrha, 144
Marallo, 367
Mareb, R., 60
Marcionites, ix, 213, 273
Marco Polo, 305
Mark, St., 220-1
Marmora, Sea of, 54
Mars, the planet, 11, 13
Martin, V. de Saint, 59-60, 63, 65
Mary, the Virgin, 69, 71, 210, 354;
Mother of God, x, 25, 239 
Masius, Mt., 50 
Massâwa, 60 
Mauretania, 120 
Media, 35, 58, 68, 120 
Megasthenês, 363, 371 
Melchisedec, 175-7 
Menander, 147 
Menas, vii, 50 
Mercy-seat, the, 111, 146 
Merodach, 312
Meroè, vii, 36, 37, 38, 64, 247 
Meshech, 35 
Mesopotamia, 58, 120 
Mesraim (Egyptians and Ethiopians),36, 373
Metalepsis (H. Communion), 140,231-3 
Metaxa (silk), 366 
Metine, 62 
Micah, 200-1 
Midianites, 158 
Migdol, 141 Miliarision, 369 
Millennium, the, 241 
Mingrelians, 120 
Mithras, xx, i 15 
Mithridates I, 72 
Money, the Roman, 73, 369 
Montanists, 241-2 
Montfaucon, Father, ii, passim  
Moon, circle of the, 321-2; created at full illumination, 342-3 
Moses, 94-7, 181-4, passim  
Mountain, the conical, xviii, xxiii, 132,134
Music, instruments of, 184 
Musk, 366 
Musk-deer, 360

Nablus, 241
Nahuni, 201
Nalopatana, 367
Nebuchadnezzar (Nabuchodonosor ), 68, 70, 115, 207, 117
Neo-Platonists, Pantheism of, xxi 
Nestorius, 232
Nile, 41, 52, 245; sources of the, vii, viii 
Nisibis, 24, 48, 49 
Noah, 44-5, 172-6, 253 
Nomisma, 369 
Nubia. 36, 62, 120. 371

Oasis, the Greater, 25 
Obadiah, 198 
Origen, 301 
Origenists, 333 
Orrhotha, 307 
Oryx, 361 
Ouraniskos, 338 
Ousia, 233 
Oxus, R., 370, 371

Palestine, 35, 36, 58, 120
Palibothra (Patna), 58
Pamphilus (of Jerusalem), 3, 4, 23, 90,128, 313
Pamphilus (B. of Caesarea), 290 
Pamphylia, 58 
Paradise, xx, 33, 47, 76, 81, 89, 123,131, 152, 174, 253, 329, 342, 347, 349,372
Paralipomena (Chronicles), 208 
Paran, 144 
Parthia, 72 
Parti, 367
Passover, the, 138-9, 182, 241, 333-4 
Patana, 367 
Patricius, ix, 24, 316 
Paul, St., 227-230; rapture of, into heaven, xxv, 116-7, 227-8, 256, 267, 326-8
Pentapolis, 120 
Pepper, 119, 366, 367 
Pepper-tree, 362 
Perdiccas, 69 
Persarmenia, 41, 76, 120 
Persia, 48, 49, passim 
Persian Christians, Church of, 365 
Peter (friend of Cosmas), xxiii, 304, 317-8
Peter, St., 224-6 
Petra, 64 
Pharaoh, 94, 141 
Phasis. R., 120 
Phazinia (Fezzan), 120 
Philemon, 230 
Philippians, the, 229 
Philometor, 70
Philon (13. of Carpathus), 349-51 
Phison, R., 366, 372 
Phoenicia, 35, 57, 120, 381 
Phœnicôn, 143 
Photius, iii, xi 
Phut (Libyans), 36, 373 
Physcon, 384 
Pisces (Zodiac sign), 13 
Plagues of Egypt, 95-8 
Planets, the, 35, 300, 324; motions of the, 8, 13, 14
Plato, 91, 117, 121, 125, 376 
Pliny, 367, 370 
Phoca (the seal), 363 
Point de Galle, 365 
Polycarp, 290
Pomegranates, the golden, 156, 158 
Pontus, 120 
Poudopatana, 367 
Priests, garments of, 154-8 
Proclus, 376
Proconnesus, Island of, 54 
Procopius, 366
Prophecies, how written, 207-8 
Propitiation. Ark of, 153 
Psalms, contents of the, and how composed, 184-194 
Ptolemais. 120 
Ptolemy Sôtêr, 57, 69. 70 
Ptolemy Philadelphia. 57, 383
Ptolemy Euergetés, 54, 57, 58, 70, 252 
Ptolemy, the astronomer, 117, 125, 249, 364
Punishments, the future, 216-7, 238 
Pythagoras, 91, 121 
Pytheas, 74, 75

Quadrature of the circle, 125

Rae, Dr. Milne, xiv
Rain, how produced, 18-20, 86
Red Sea, or Arabian Gulf, passim
Resurrection, the, 220, 240, 260, 272-7,382 
Rewards, nature of the future, 216-7, 231, 241
Rhaithu, vii, 56, 143 
Rhapsii, 63 
Rhaptum, 39 
Rhinoceros, 358-9, 360 
Rhodes, xviii, 36, 246, 247 
Rhongcosura, 362 
Rome, 50, 220 
Roman Empire, 70-3 
Ruby (the Ceylonese), 365 
Ruth, Book of, 298

Saba, see Arabia Felix
Sacrament (the Holy), 241-2
Salopatana, 367
Salt, Mr., 54, 60, 359
Samaritans, 241-2, 257-260
Sandal-wood, 366
Sassanidae, 72
Sasu, 51-2, 64, 66
Satan, 76, 78, 83, 102, 105, 215, 219, 228, 352
Scamander R., 371 
Scete, desert of, 24 
Scythia, 35, 40, 370 
Scythians, 121, 198 
Seleucia, 49, 50 
Seleucus Nicator, 18, 58, 69 
Seleucus, Iambic verses addressed to, 290-1
Self-identity, retention of our, 276 
Semenoi, the, 61, 62, 67 
Senaar, 49 
Sennacherib, 300-7 
Septuagint, the, 361, 383 
Seraphim, 199
Seres (Northern Chinese), 367 
Sesame, 366 
Sesea, 63, 65  
Seth. 167, 182-3 
Severianus (B. of Gabala), 17, 291; quoted, 334-343 
Shadows, 244-252; various lengths of, 262; retrogression of, on Hezekiah's sun-dial, 311 
Sheba (Sabaea, or Yemen), Queen of, 52
Shem, 34, 173 
Shew-bread, 318. 324 
Sibor (Chaul), 367 
Sidonians, 37
Sielediba, see Ceylon
Sigye, 60
Silk, 48, 49, 366
Simeon, 197, 211
Sinae (Southern Chinese), 367
Sinai, desert of, viii; inscriptions on rocks of, xx, 159-60 
Sindh, 366 
Sindu, 366
Socotra, island of, xx, 119 
Socrates, 121 
Sôlate, 63 
Solomon, 208 
Solon, 380 
Somalis, 60
Song of songs, xxii, 305 
Sopatrus, 368 
Souls, pre-existence of, 301; nature of, 103; circumscription of, 21, 22, 87; transmigration of, 260, 301 
Spartel C., 120 
Spermologos, 9, 279 
Spheres, the crystalline, 8; the nine, 300; revolution of, 135 
Stephanas (an abbot) , 245 
Stephen (first martyr), 218, 226-7 
Substantia, 233 
Suez, 142 
Sun, size of, xviii, xxiii, 244-252; circle of, 321-2; daily course of, 41, 43, 132-4, 340 
Sun-dials, 245; degrees how marked on, 311
Sur, or Shur, 143 
Surat, 367 
Susiana, 37, 58, 59 
Syria, 57, 68, 120 
Syêné, 245, 249

Tabernacle prepared by Moses, xv, 6, 24, 26, 43, 97, no, 114, 122, 254; description of, 138-161; outer and inner, 150-1; door of, 151; curtains of, 147; court of, 154; veil of, 153; pillars of, 147-9; table of, 31, 46, 152; a pattern of the world, 145, 149
Tablet of Basanite with Greek inscription, 57-9
Takazze R., 60-62
Tamieion, 351
Tana, lake, 52, 60, 61
Tangaitae, 62
Taprobane, sec Ceylon
Tartarus, 260
Taurelaphus, or bull-stag, 359
Temple (of Jerusalem), 99, 100, 117-8, 383
Tennent, Sir E, quoted, 364, 368, 370 
Testimony, Ark of the, 111, 146 
Teucer (the Locrian), 380 
Thaddaeus, 72
Tharseis (Tarshish, Tartessus), 30 
Thebaïd, 20
Theodoras (of Mopsuestia), ix, 25 
Theodosius(B. of Alexandria), x, quoted
Theophilus, St. Luke's disciple, 221-2
Theophilus (B. of Alexandria), 333-4
Thêres (Thracians), 35, 36
Thessalonians, the, 229
Thibet, 48
Thomas of Edessa, 24
Thevenot, ii, 364, 368
Thulè, 49
Tiama, 61
Tiamo, 61
Tibareni, the, 35
Tigré, 60, 61, 62, 65
Tigris, R., 41, 49
Timaeus, 379, 380
Timotheus the younger, x, 353; quoted 354-7
Timothy, 230 
Titus, 230
Tongues, the gift of, 225 
Toupha, 360
Tower of Babel, see Babel 
Trebizond, 120 
Tree of Knowledge, 329, 341; of Life, 166
Trinity (the divine), 233, 258 
Trinquemala, 365 
Troglodytes, 36, 54, 57, 69 
Tropics, the, 43 
Tubal, 35 
Turtle, the, 363 
Twelve months, circle of the, 318-9,322-3, 325
Tyrians, antiquities of the, 380 
Tzinitza (China), 48, 49, 366

Unicorn, the, 360-1
Urim and Thummim, 155

Virgins, parable of the ten, 210

Walls, the, joining earth and heaven. 30 
Wise Men of the East, the, 197 
Woman, creation of, 109-110 
World, creation of the, 83; figure of the, 129-137, 261-2

Xenophanes, 75 
Xisuthrus, 375

Year, length of the, 321-2 
Yemen, see Arabia Felix 
Yule, Sir H., xiii, xvii, xx, xxi, 119, 120, 367

Zaa, 62, 66
Zachariah, 153. 210
Zechariah, 205
Zephaniah (Sophonias), 202
Zerubbabel, 204, 205
Zingabene, 61
Zingium or Zingion, 38. 39, 52
Zodiac, the, 324
Zone, the torrid, 249
Zoroaster, 72
Zôskales, 65
Zulla, see Adulê

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