Eusebius Scr. Eccl. et Theol., De solemnitate paschali. {2018.039}
Volume 24 page 693 line 36t.
24.
(693.)
EUSEBIOU KAISAREIAS (36t)
PERI THS TOU PASXA EORTHS. (37t)
a &. Ta&xa ou)k a1kairon a2n ei1h kai\ au}qij peri\ tou~
Pa&sxa dialabei=n, a1nwqen 9Ebrai/wn paisi\n ei0konikw~j
paradedome/nou. 9Ophni/ka gou~n 9Ebrai=oi, skia_j mel-
lo&ntwn e0pitelou~ntej, prw~toi th_n tou~ fase\k e9orth_n
e0te/loun, qre/mma me\n au)toi=j e0c a)ge/lhj e0lamba&neto:
tou~to de\ h}n a)mno_j h2 pro&baton: ei]t' au)toi\ tou~to
di' e9autw~n e1quon: ka1peita tw|~ me\n ai3mati prw~ton
u(pe/rqura kai\ flia_j e3kastoj tw~n i0di/wn kate/xrion
oi1kwn: tau&th| ph ei0j a)natroph_n o)loqreutou~ ai9ma&s-
sontej ou)dou_j kai\ me/laqra. Sarci\ de\ tou~ proba&tou
trofh|~ xrw&menoi, kai\ ta_j o)sfu~j zw&nh| peridedeme/noi,
(696.) trofh~j te a)zu&mwn a1rtwn meti/sxontej, kai\ po&aj pi-
kri/dwn prosfero&menoi, to&pon e0k to&pou die/bainon,
to_n a)po_ th~j Ai0gupti/wn gh~j e0pi\ th_n e1rhmon. Tau~ta
gou~n au)toi=j o(mou~ th|~ tou~ proba&tou sfagh|~ te kai\ tro-
fh|~ pra&ttein nenomoqe/thto. 1Enqen h( e0c Ai0gu&ptou
meta&basij th_n tw~n diabathri/wn au)toi=j e0pwnumi/an
e0plh&rou. 0All' e0kei/noij me\n tupikw~j tau~ta sun-
e/bainen, e0gra&fh de\ di' h(ma~j. Kai/ ge diermhneu&ei
Pau~loj tw~n palaiw~n sumbo&lwn diafai/nwn th_n a)lh&-
qeian di' w{n fhsi: Kai\ ga_r to_ Pa&sxa h(mw~n e0tu&qh
Xristo&j. To_ de\ ai1tion tou~ tuqh~nai au)to_n o( Baptisth_j
pari/sthsin ei0pw&n: 1Ide o( 0Amno_j tou~ Qeou~ o( ai1rwn
th_n a(marti/an tou~ ko&smou. Kai\ ga_r sfa&gion kakw~n
a(pa&ntwn a)potro&paion to_ sw~ma to_ swth&rion tw|~ qa-
na&tw| paredi/doto, o4 dh_ kaqarsi/ou di/khn tou~ panto_j
a)fei=le ko&smou th_n a(marti/an: ke/krage gou~n thlau-
gw~j 9Hsai5aj: Ou{toj ta_j a(marti/aj h(mw~n fe/rei
kai\ peri\ h(mw~n o)duna~tai.
b &. Tou&tou dh_ tou~ swthri/ou qu&matoj tou~ tw|~ i0di/w|
ai3mati to_ pa&ntwn a)nqrw&pwn ge/noj a)naswsame/nou
tai=j logikai=j sarci\ trefo&menoi, maqh&masi dhla-
dh_ kai\ lo&goij basilei/aj ou)ranw~n kataggeltikoi=j, th_n
kata_ Qeo_n ei0ko&twj trufw~men trufh&n. 0Alla_ kai\
pi/stei tou~ ai3matoj au)tou~, o4 dh_ lu&tron u(pe\r th~j h(me-
te/raj a)ntide/dwke swthri/aj, tou_j yuxh~j oi1kouj ta_
sw&mata katashmaino&menoi, pa~n ge/noj daimo&nwn e0pi-
bou&lwn e0c e9autw~n a)pelau&nomen: kai\ th_n tw~n diaba-
thri/wn e9orth_n e0pitelou~ntej, diabai/nein meletw~men
e0pi\ ta_ qei=a, w(j pa&lai th~j Ai0gu&ptou metabebhko&tej
e0pi\ th_n e1rhmon. Tau&th| gou~n kai\ h(mei=j a)tribh~ tina
kai\ e1rhmon toi=j polloi=j stello&meqa porei/an, palaia_n
zu&mhn a)qe/ou pla&nhj th~j au)th~j yuxh~j e0co&rion
poiou&menoi, kai\ ta_j a)lhqei=j pikri/daj dia_ th~j pi-
kra~j kai\ a)lgeinh~j diai/thj prosfero&menoi. Kai\ o(
kairo_j de\ th~j e9orth~j eu1kairoj, ou)k e0n me/sh| xeimw~-
noj w3ra| parhgme/noj: stugno_j ga_r ou{toj: a)ll' ou)d'
e0n me/sw| qe/rei kata&llhloj h}n, kaq' o4n h( troph_
flegmai/nousa, tw~n kat' a)grou_j sxolazo&ntwn pe-
riairei=tai to_ ka&lloj: pleonektei= de\ kai\ ta_ tw~n
w(rw~n, ou)k e0pamfoteri/zonta th|~ i0somoiri/a|: met-
opw&rou ga_r troph~j ou)k e0piterph_j h( qe/a, xhreuou&-
shj me\n th~j xw&raj, tw~n d' oi0kei/wn karpw~n w(j a2n
te/knwn a)pesterhme/nhj. 1Ear dh_ lei/petai to_ fai-
dro_n, o4 dh_ tou~ panto_j e1touj kefalh& tij oi[a sw&matoj
h(gei=tai, h(li/ou me\n dh_ a1rti to_ prw~ton tmh~ma diip-
peu&ontoj, selh&nhj d' e0k parallh&lou plhsifaei= tw|~
fwti\ to_n th~j nukto_j dro&mon ei0j lampra_n meqarmozo-
me/nhj h(me/ran. Tou~to lu&ei me\n ktu&pwn xeimeri/wn
fo&bhtra, lu&ei de\ makra_ diasth&mata, plhmmu&raj
u(da&twn metaba&llei. 1Hdh de\ neara~j e0pilampou&shj
ai0qri/aj, galh&nh me\n toi=j qalatteu&ousi kaqi/sthsi ta_
pela&gh, eu1dion de\ a)e/ra toi=j kata_ gh~n o(doipo&roij e0n-
di/dwsi. Xw~rai d' e0n tou&tw| kat' a)grou_j e0gku&monej
sperma&twn, kai\ karpw~n spargw~nta futa_ toi=j e0k Qeou~ dw&roij
a)gallo&mena, gewrgoi=j po&nwn ta_j a)moi-
ba_j e0n eu)logi/aij pare/xei.
g &. Ou{toj o( th~j e9orth~j kairo_j, Ai0gupti/oij me\n
o1leqron toi=j daimo&nwn fi/loij, 9Ebrai/oij de\ e9orta&-
zousi tw|~ Qew|~, kakw~n e0leuqeri/an prou)ce/nei: ou{-
toj h}n au)to_j e0kei=noj, o( dh_ kai\ e0pi\ th~j prw&thj
tou~ panto_j kosmogoni/aj tethrhme/noj, kaq' o4n h( gh~
e0bla&sthse, kaq' o4n oi9 fwsth~rej e0ge/nonto, kaq' o4n ou)-
rano_j kai\ gh~ parh&xqhsan kai\ pa&nta ta_ e0n au)toi=j: kata_
tou~ton kai\ o( Swth_r tou~ su&mpantoj ko&smou to_ th~j oi0-
kei/aj e9orth~j e0cete/lese musth&rion, kai\ th_n oi0koume/nhn
o( me/gaj fwsth_r, eu)sebei/aj au)gai=j katela&mprune
kai\ dh_ gene/qlion ko&smou o( kairo_j perie/xein e1oike. Kata_
tou~ton de\ to_n kairo_n kai\ tu&poj e0telei=to, to_ palaio_n
Pa&sxa, o4 kai\ diabath&rion ei1rhtai: a)lla_ kai\ proba&-
tou sfagh~j su&mbolon e1feren: a)lla_ kai\ trofh~j a)zu&-
mwn a1rtwn h|)ni/tteto ei0ko&na. Tau~ta de\ e0pi\ th_n swth&-
rion e9orth_n a3panta suneplhrou~to: to& te ga_r pro&-
baton au)to_j h}n kaq' o4 perie/keito sw~ma. Au)to_j kai\
h3lioj dikaiosu&nhj, e1aroj dh~ta qei/ou kai\ swthri/ou
troph~j a)po_ xeiro&nwn e0pi\ ta_ krei/ttw to_n tw~n a)nqrw&-
pwn bi/on dialabou&shj. Ai0gupti/wn me\n dai/mosin ei0s-
e/ti kai\ nu~n qeh&latoi ma&stigej katape/mpontai, laoi\
de\ pantaxou~ gh~j oi0kou~ntej th_n sfw~n e0leuqeri/an th_n
e0k th~j poluplanou~j a)qeo&thtoj e9orta&zousi. Tw~n lao-
planw~n de\ pneuma&twn pepaume/nwn, kai\ xeimw~noj
kakw~n, kainw~n karpw~n eu)fori/a diafo&roij xari/sma-
sin a(gi/ou Pneu&matoj th_n 0Ekklhsi/an tou~ Qeou~ ste-
fanoi=: kai\ a(plw~j pa~n ge/noj a)nqrw&pwn e0pi\ to_ h(me/-
teron metabe/blhtai: xw~rai de\ pa~sai, pro_j tou~ gewr-
gou~ Lo&gou th~j kata_ yuxh_n gewrgi/aj tuxou~sai, ta_
w(rai=a th~j a)reth~j a1nqh beblasth&kasin: a)lla_ kai\
tw~n tou~ sko&touj kakw~n h)leuqerwme/noi, fwto_j e0n
h(me/ra| Qeou~ gnw&sewj kathciw&qhmen.
d &. Toiau~ta ta_ kaina_ maqh&mata pa&lai me\n dia_ sum-
bo&lwn e0peskiasme/na, newsti\ de\ ei0j fw~j a)nakeka-
lumme/na. Kai\ dh_ kai\ h(mei=j to_ kefa&laion th~j e9orth~j
ku&klwn perio&doij kaq' e3kaston e1toj a)nazwpurou~-
men, proe/orta me\n proparaskeuh~j e3neka th_n tessa-
rakonqh&meron a1skhsin paralamba&nontej kata_ to_n tw~n
a(gi/wn zh~lon Mwu+se/wj kai\ 9Hli/ou, th_n de\ e9orth_n au)-
th_n ei0j a1lhston ai0w~na a)naneou&menoi. Th_n gou~n pro_j
to_n Qeo_n porei/an stello&menoi, ta_j me\n o)sfu~j eu}
ma&la desmw|~ swfrosu&nhj peridou&meqa, ta_ de\ th~j
yuxh~j badi/smata e0n a)sfalei/a| fula&ttontej, w3sper
e0n u(podh&masi dh_ to_n dro&mon th~j ou)rani/ou klh&sewj
paraskeua&zomen: bakthri/a| de\ lo&gou qei/ou e0n eu)xw~n
duna&mei pro_j a1munan e0xqrw~n xrw&menoi, su_n pa&sh|
proqumi/a| diabai/nomen th_n ei0j ou)ranou_j fe/rousan dia&-
basin, speu&dontej a)po_ tw~n th|~de e0pi\ ta_ ou)ra&nia, kai\
a)po_ zwh~j qnhth~j e0pi\ th_n a)qa&naton: ou3tw ga_r diade/-
cetai h(ma~j e0nteu~qen ta_ diabath&ria eu} kai\ kalw~j
diabebhko&taj a1llh tij mei/zwn e9orth&: Penthkosth_n
au)th_n e0pi/klhn 9Ebrai/wn pai=dej o)noma&zousin, ei0ko&na
fe/rousan th~j tw~n ou)ranw~n basilei/aj. Le/gei gou~n
(700.) Mwu+sh~j: 0Arxome/nou sou dre/panon e0p' a1mhton,
e9pta_ e9bdoma&daj a)riqmh&seij seautw|~, kai\ ne/ouj
a1rtouj e0k ne/wn a)mh&twn paraqh&seij tw|~ Qew|~. 0Edh&-
lou de\ a1ra profhtikw|~ tu&pw| a1mhton me\n tw~n e0qnw~n
th_n klh~sin, ne/ouj de\ a1rtouj ta_j dia_ Xristou~ tw|~ Qew|~
prosenhnegme/naj yuxa_j, ta&j te e0c e0qnw~n e0kklhsi/aj,
e0f' ai[j e9orth_ megi/sth tw|~ filanqrw&pw| Qew|~ sunte-
lei=tai: oi4 tai=j tw~n a)posto&lwn logikai=j drepa&naij
qerisqe/ntej, kai\ w3sper ei0j a3lwj ta_j a(pantaxou~ gh~j
0Ekklhsi/aj sunaxqe/ntej u(f' e4n, o(mofw&nw| te diaqe/sei
pi/stewj swmatopoihqe/ntej, kai\ a(lsi\ toi=j a)po_ tw~n
qei/wn lo&gwn maqh&masin e0cartuqe/ntej, di' u3dato&j te kai\ puro_j
a(gi/ou Pneu&matoj a)nagennhqe/ntej, a1rtoi
tro&fimoi proshnei=j kai\ a)restoi\ tw|~ Qew|~ dia_ Xristou~
prosfero&meqa.
e &. Tau&th| ph tw~n para_ Mwu+sei= profhtikw~n sum-
bo&lwn ei0j e1rga semnote/roij toi=j a)potele/smasi xw-
rou&ntwn, au)toi/ ge mh_n th_n e9orth_n faidrote/ran a1gein
pareilh&famen, w(j a2n tw|~ Swth~ri sunaghgerme/noi,
kai\ th~j au)tou~ basilei/aj a)polau&ontej. Dio_ ou)ke/ti po-
nei=sqai kata_ th&nde th_n e9orth_n sugxwrou&meqa, th~j d'
e0lpizome/nhj e0n ou)ranoi=j a)napau&sewj th_n ei0ko&na fe/-
rein didasko&meqa: o3qen ou)d' e0n tai=j eu)xai=j go&nu kli/-
nomen, ou)d' a)siti/aij kataponou&meqa: tou_j ga_r th~j
kata_ Qeo_n a)nasta&sewj h)ciwme/nouj ou)ke/t' au}qij oi[o&n
te e0pi\ gh~j pi/ptein: ou)de\ tou_j tw~n paqw~n h)leuqerw-
me/nouj ta_ i1sa pa&sxein toi=j katadedoulwme/noij. Dio_
meta_ to_ Pa&sxa th_n Penthkosth_n e0n e9bdoma&sin e9pta_
telei/aij e9orta&zomen, to_n me\n pro&teron ai0w~na th~j pro_
tou~ Pa&sxa tessarakonqhme/rou sunaskh&sewj e0n e4c
e9bdoma&sin a)ndrisa&menoi: praktikh_ ga_r h( e9ca_j kai\
e0nerghtikh&: dio_ kai\ e0n e4c h(me/raij o( Qeo_j pepoihke/nai
le/getai ta_ su&mpanta. Tou_j d' e0n e0kei/nh| po&nouj ei0ko&-
twj h( deute/ra e9orth_ e0n e9bdoma&sin e9pta_ diade/cetai,
poluplasiazome/nhj h(mi=n th~j a)napau&sewj, h{j ta_
su&mbola h( e9bdoma_j shmai/nein qe/lei. Ou) mh_n e0pi\
tau&taj o( th~j Penthkosth~j a)riqmo_j i3statai: u(per-
akonti/saj de\ ta_j e9pta_ e9bdoma&daj, mona&di th|~ meta_
tau&taj u(sta&th| th_n pane/orton h(me/ran th~j Xristou~
a)nalh&yewj e0pisfragi/zetai. Ei0ko&twj a1ra e0n tai=j th~j
a(gi/aj Penthkosth~j h(me/raij th_n me/llousan a)na&pausin
diagra&fontej, ta_j yuxa_j gannu&meqa, kai\ to_ sw~ma
dianapau&omen, w(j a2n au)tw|~ suno&ntej h1dh tw|~ Numfi/w|,
kai\ nhsteu&ein mh_ duna&menoi.
v &. Plh_n o3ti oi9 i9eroi\ eu)aggelistai\ to_ swth&rion
pa&qoj kata_ ta_j h(me/raj tou~ 0Ioudai"kou~ Pa&sxa tw~n
a)zu&mwn i9sto&rhsan gegone/nai, ou)dei\j a2n a)mfiba&loi:
tou~to ga_r h}n tou~ no&mou tou~ para_ Mwu+sei= peri\ tou~
Pa&sxa legome/nou ai1tion. 0Epeidh_ ga_r e1mellen o(
0Amno_j tou~ Qeou~ w(j pro&baton e0pi\ sfagh_n a1gesqai
par' au)toi=j 0Ioudai/oij, kai\ tou~to pa&sxein u(pe\r th~j
koinh~j pa&ntwn a)nqrw&pwn swthri/aj, ou)k a1llote h2
kata_ to_n dhlou&menon kairo_n, prolabw_n to_ me/llon o(
Qeo_j dia_ sumbo&lwn ei0konikw~j, kat' au)to_n e0kei=non to_n
me/llonta& pote kata_ xro&nwn perio&douj e0pisth&sesqai
kairo_n, a)mno_n para_ 0Ioudai/oij ai0sqhto_n e0ke/leue
qu&esqai: kai\ tou~to au)toi=j kat' e0niauto_n e0telei=to, e3wj
h( a)lh&qeia a)poplhrwqei=sa, ta_j palaia_j ei0ko&naj pe-
rie/grayen. 3Oqen e0c e0kei/nou para_ me\n toi=j e1qnesin h(
a)lhqh_j tw~n musthri/wn kekra&thken e9orth_, para_ de\
0Ioudai/oij ou)ke/ti ou)d' au)tw~n h( mnh&mh tw~n sumbo&lwn
(701.) fula&ttetai, perih|rhme/nou au)tw~n tou~ to&pou e0n w|{ ta_
th~j e9orth~j telei=sqai nenomoqe/thto. Ei0ko&twj a1ra h(
qei/a tw~n Eu)aggeli/wn grafh_ kata_ to_n xro&non tw~n 0Iou-
dai"kw~n a)zu&mwn peponqe/nai fhsi\ to_n Swth~ra: e0peidh_
kai\ to&te w(j pro&baton e0pi\ sfagh_n h1xqh tai=j profh-
tikai=j a)kolou&qwj fwnai=j.
z &. Kai\ oi9 me\n kata_ Mwu+se/a a3pac tou~ panto_j
e1touj pro&baton tou~ Pa&sxa e1quon tessareskaideka&th|
tou~ prw&tou mhno_j, to_ pro_j e9spe/ran: h(mei=j de\ oi9 th~j
Kainh~j Diaqh&khj e0f' e9ka&sthj Kuriakh~j h(me/raj to_
e9autw~n Pa&sxa telou~ntej, AEI TOU SWMATOS TOU
SWTHRIOU EMFOROUMEQA, AEI TOU AIMATOS
TOU PROBATOU METALAMBANOMEN. a)ei\ ta_j
o)sfu~j th~j e9autw~n yuxh~j a(gnei/a| kai\ swfrosu&nh| pe-
riezw&smeqa, a)ei\ tou_j po&daj pareskeua&smeqa e0n e9toi-
masi/a| tou~ Eu)aggeli/ou, a)ei\ ta_j bakthri/aj e1xomen e0n
tai=j xersi\, kai\ th|~ r(a&bdw| th|~ e0k r(i/zhj 0Iessai\ proel-
qou&sh| e0panapauo&meqa, a)ei\ th~j Ai0gu&ptou a)pallatto&-
meqa, a)ei\ th_n e0rhmi/an tou~ a)nqrwpei/ou bi/ou metadiw&-
komen, a)ei\ th_n pro_j Qeo_n porei/an stello&meqa, a)ei\ ta_
diabath&ria e9orta&zomen. Tau~ta ga_r pa&nta ou)x a3pac
tou~ e1touj pra&ttein h(ma~j, a)ei\ de\ kai\ dia_ pa&shj h(me/-
raj o( eu)aggeliko_j lo&goj bou&letai. Dio_ kai\ kaq' e9ka&-
sthn e9bdoma&da th_n tou~ Pa&sxa tou~ h(mete/rou e9orth_n
kata_ th_n swth&rion kai\ Kuriakh_n h(me/ran e0pitelou~-
men tou~ a)lhqinou~ proba&tou, di' ou{ e0lutrw&qhmen, ta_
musth&ria a)poplhrou~ntej: kai\ ou1te to_ sw~ma sidh&rw|
perite/mnomen, th~j de\ yuxh~j tw|~ tmhtikw|~ lo&gw| pa~san
periairou~men kaki/an: ou1te swmatikoi=j a)zu&moij xrw&-
meqa, mo&noij de\ toi=j th~j ei0likrinei/aj kai\ a)lhqei/aj.
9H xa&rij ga_r, h(ma~j th~j geghrakui/aj e0leuqerw&sasa
sunhqei/aj, to_n kaino_n a1nqrwpon pare/dwken h(mi=n to_n
kata_ Qeo_n ktisqe/nta, kai\ to_n kaino_n no&mon, kainh&n te
peritomh_n, kaino&n te Pa&sxa, kai\ to_n e0n kruptw|~ 0Ioudai=on:
ou3tw kai\ tw~n palaiw~n kairw~n e0leuqe/rouj h(ma~j
a)fh~ke.
h &. Plh_n tou~ qeofilesta&tou basile/wj, me/sou th~j
a(gi/aj suno&dou prokaqezome/nou, w(j h1xqh ei0j me/-
son to_ peri\ tou~ Pa&sxa zh&thma, e0le/geto me\n o3sa kai\
e0le/geto: e0pleone/ktei de\ tw|~ plh&qei tw~n e0pisko&pwn
h( triplasi/wn moi=ra th~j o3lhj oi0koume/nhj e9te/rwqen
a)ntitei/nousa toi=j th~j a)natolh~j: a)rktw|~a ga_r o(mou~
kai\ meshmbrina_, kai\ ta_ kata_ du&onta h3lion e1qnh, th|~
sumfwni/a| fraca&mena, th_n e0nanti/an a)nqei=lke toi=j